Choyamba, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu amatsata chisamaliro chofunikira
⒈ kulandira odwala, wodwala kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena chipinda cha odwala kwambiri, Zida Zosamalira Odwala kuti mpweya wamkati ukhale wabwino, wofunda ndi chinyezi choyenera;wodwala wabwino ndi achibale a chipatala (Gawo) mission.
⒉ kuwunika kwanthawi yake:
Kuphatikizapo zinthu zofunika, zizindikiro zazikulu, zikhalidwe za khungu, kufufuza kothandiza, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapaipi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zina zotero.
⒊ njira zothandizira mwadzidzidzi: kukhazikitsidwa mofulumira kwa venous access (malingana ndi chikhalidwe ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti asinthe mlingo wa kudontha), mpweya (malingana ndi chikhalidwe chosinthira mpweya), kuwunika kwa ECG, catheterization yokhazikika, kutentha, kuchita zosiyanasiyana. zosonkhanitsira zitsanzo,Patient Care Equipment kuthandiza Chekeni lofananira, ngati kuli kotheka, kukonzekera preoperative preoperative
⒋ kukhala pamwamba komanso otetezeka
⑴ malinga ndi matenda kutenga malo oyenera.
⑵ kukhalabe airway patency, odwala chikomokere ayenera yake kuyamwa mphuno ndi mphuno ndi endotracheal secretions, kuti mpweya mpweya.
⑶ mano otsekedwa, kugwedezeka kwa wodwalayo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito zolembera za mano, kutseguka, kuteteza kulumidwa ndi lilime, chilankhulo chokhazikika.
⑷ kutentha thupi, chikomokere, delirium, irritability, ofooka ndi makanda ndi ana aang'ono ayenera kuwonjezeredwa mpanda, ngati n'koyenera, kupereka gulu, kuteteza bedi, kuonetsetsa chitetezo odwala.
⑸ Konzani zopulumutsira zonse, mankhwala ndi zida, zopulumutsira zamkati zikhazikitse dziko loyimilira.
⒌ Kuyang'anitsitsa mkhalidwewo: chisamaliro chaumwini, Zida Zosamalira Odwala zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za wodwalayo, chidziwitso, wophunzira, kutuluka magazi, SpO2, CVP, kuzungulira kwapang'onopang'ono ndi mkodzo ndi zina zowonetsetsa;ndi dokotala mwachangu kupulumutsa, kuchita unamwino zolemba.
⒍ mankhwala operekedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo a dokotala pakamwa, kuti abwerezedwe popanda chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito.
⒎ sungani mapaipi osiyanasiyana kukhala osalala, okhazikika bwino, otetezeka kuti asatseke, opotoka, otsekeka;okhwima wosabala luso kuteteza retrograde matenda.
⒏ kusunga chimbudzi chosalala: kusunga mkodzo kutenga njira zothandizira kukodza;ngati n'koyenera catheterization;kudzimbidwa ngati chikhalidwe cha enema.
⒐ malingana ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chiyenera kukhala chisamaliro cha zakudya: kusunga madzi, electrolyte moyenera komanso kukwaniritsa zofunikira za thupi;kusala kudya odwala angakhale zotumphukira venous zakudya.
Chisamaliro choyambirira
9, tsitsi, maso, thupi, pakamwa, mphuno, dzanja, phazi, perineum, anus, khungu woyera;asanu ku kama: atatu oyambirira, Mankhwala, unamwino, mpunga, mankhwala, madzi pabedi wodwala).
⑵ m'mawa, chisamaliro chamadzulo 2 pa tsiku;chisamaliro cha mkodzo pakamwa 2 pa tsiku;chithandizo tracheotomy 2 pa tsiku;tcherani khutu ku chitetezo cha maso.
⑶ kuonetsetsa kuti miyendo ikugwira ntchito, kulimbikitsa zochita za thupi kapena kuthandizira kuchitapo kanthu.
⑷ Kuphunzitsa kupuma kwa chifuwa, 2h iliyonse kuthandiza odwala kutembenuka, kuwombera kumbuyo, kuwongolera mpweya wozama, kuthandizira kutulutsa zotsekemera.
⑸ limbitsani chisamaliro cha khungu, kupewa zilonda zapakhosi.
⒒ chisamaliro chamaganizo: kulondera panthawi yake, kusamalira odwala, Zida Zosamalira Odwala malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili kuti azilankhulana ndi mabanja awo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ubale wabwino wa namwino ndi odwala, kuti athe kupeza chidaliro cha odwala, mgwirizano wabanja ndi kumvetsetsa.
Chachiwiri, odwala chikomokere amasamalira chizolowezi
(I) Penyani mfundo
- Kuyang'anitsitsa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri (T, P, R, BP), kukula kwa mwana, kuyankhidwa kwa kuwala.
⒉ kuunika kusokonezeka kwa GLS kwa chidziwitso komanso kuchuluka kwa kuyankhidwa kuti mumvetsetse kuchuluka kwa chikomokere, anapeza zosintha zomwe zidanenedwa kwa dokotala.
⒊ kuona odwala ndi madzi, electrolyte balance, kulemba kuchuluka kwa maola 24, kupereka chitsogozo pa maziko a rehydration.
⒋ tcherani khutu kuyang'ana chopondapo cha wodwala, kuwona ngati yankho lingathe.
(2) nsonga za unamwino
⒈ itanani wodwala: opaleshoni, woyamba kutchula dzina lake, fotokozani cholinga cha opaleshoniyo ndi njira zodzitetezera.
⒉ kukhazikitsa ndi kusunga mpweya wosalala: tengani mbali ya mutu kumbali, nthawi iliyonse kuchotsa zotsekemera za tracheal, kukonzekera kuyamwa zinthu, nthawi iliyonse kuyamwa.
⒊ kusunga kulowetsedwa mtsempha: mbiri yokhazikika ya kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
⒋ kusunga magwiridwe antchito a miyendo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi komanso kutikita minofu kuti zithandizire kulimbitsa thupi, kupewa manja, phazi ndi kugundana, kupunduka ndi kunjenjemera kwa mitsempha.
⒌ kulimbikitsa kuchira kwaubongo: kwezani bedi 30 mpaka 45 digiri kapena kupereka mawonekedwe a recumbent, chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe mwapatsidwa komanso kupuma mpweya.
⒍ kukhalabe ndi ntchito yotulutsa mkodzo: Kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chikhodzodzo chosunga mkodzo, panthawi yopereka chimbudzi cha bedi, kuthandizira kutikita minofu m'munsi mwamimba kulimbikitsa kukodza, catheterization kapena matumba a mkodzo m'malo kuyenera kulabadira ukadaulo wa aseptic.
⒎ kukhala aukhondo ndi omasuka: chotsani mano, chotsitsira tsitsi, kudulira chala (chala) A;tsiku chisamaliro m`kamwa kawiri, kusunga pakamwa paukhondo ndi lonyowa, akhoza utoto mafuta a parafini (lipstick) kuteteza mlomo ng'anjo;kusamba nthawi zonse mchenga ndi perineal kusamba, Bwezerani zovala zoyera.
⒏ tcherani khutu ku chitetezo: chipwirikiti chiyenera kukhala bedi lowonjezera, ngati lakulirakulira, loyenera kupereka zoletsa;chidziwitso ndi kutentha thupi kwambiri, kukwiya kwa meningeal, Zida Zosamalira Odwala ziyenera kuperekedwa kuziziritsa kogwira mtima ndikuyika phala la dzino, kupewa kuluma tsaya;Mitundu yonse ya mipope, kupewa kutsetsereka.
⒐ kupewa matenda a m'mapapo: kubwereranso nthawi zonse kuwombera, kulimbikitsa chifuwa, kuyamwa panthawi yake;khalani ofunda, kupewa kuzizira, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha pamene kutentha kwa madzi sikophweka kuposa madigiri a 50, sangathe kukhudzana ndi khungu kuti asapse.
⒑ kupewa zilonda zapakhosi: kugwiritsa ntchito bedi la mpweya, fupa lotuluka m'mbali mwa siponji, sungani bedi laukhondo komanso losalala.1 ~ 2h iliyonse imirirani kamodzi.
⒒ chisamaliro cha maso: chotsani magalasi olumikizirana kuti mulipire chilolezo.Odwala sangathe kutseka chikope, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse ma saline bristles kutsuka m'maso, ndi mafuta odzola m'maso kapena ulusi wamafuta a Vaseline kuteteza cornea, Zida Zosamalira Odwala kupewa kuuma kwa cornea ndi kutupa.
(Iii) Maphunziro a zaumoyo
⒈ funsani banjalo motsogozedwa ndi achibale kuti adziwitse odwala kuti ayambirenso maphunziro kuti athandize odwala omwe ali ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kutikita minofu.
⒉ chisamaliro chamalingaliro: chisamaliro cholimbikitsa odwala,Zida Zosamalira Odwala kuti odwala azindikire zomwe amakonda m'banja ndi anthu kuti awonjezere chidaliro chothana ndi matendawa.